Motor.



No. 716,143. Patented new. la, |902.

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MDTUR.

(Application led Mar. 5, 1901.)

(H0 Modal.)

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Nn. 7|'6,|43. Patented Dec. ls, |902.

B..v. szAB.

MOTOR.

(Application filed. Mar. 5, 1901.) (No Model.) 4 Sheets-Shee 2.

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No. 7|s,|43. Planned nec. ls, |902.

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` moms. (Application led Har. 5, 1901.)

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Y UNITED 7 STATES'L-ATENT OFFICE.

BAs1L..v."sZABo, oF'cH1oAGo,y1nL1No1s, AssIeNoR oF Two-THIRDS TovFERDINAND SIEGEL AND JOSEPH ALEXANDER, oF CHICAGO.

ILLINOIS.

MOTOR.

SPECIFICATION forming partei Lettere letentNe. 716,143, det-ed December16, 1902.

f' Application iiled Maroh 5, i901. Serial No. 49,833. (No model.)

T all whom tm/try concern:

Be it known that 1, BAsIL V. SZAB, of Chir nois, have invented certainnew and usefulv Improvementsin Motors; and I dohereby de'- clare thatthe .'following is a full, clear, and exact descriptionthereof,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, which form 1o a part of thisspecification. i

This invention relates to improvements in rotary engines or motors; andit consists in the matters hereinafter described, and pointed ont in theappended claims. y

My inventionis shown in connection with two differentgeneral forms ofrotary engines-- one in which the exterior casing or inclosnre of theengine is rotative and the interior part thereof,through which steam issupplied to the zo interiorrof the casing, is stationary, and anotherconstruction, the reverse of that referred to,wherein the said exteriorpart or casing is stationary and' the interior part is adapted torotate. z5 My invention 'will be more readily understood by reference tothe accompanying drawe ings, wherein- Figure 1 is a view in sideelevation of a motor embodying my invention of that kind in 3o which theexterior casing ofthe motor turns or rotates. Fig; 2 is a central`vertical section thereof, taken on the plane of the shaft. Fig. 3 is avertical section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is adetailsection taken 35 on lineeL 4 of'Figi2. Fig; 5 isa plan section taken online 5 5 ofFig. 3. Figs. 6 and 7are side or face views of theradially-movable pis- Mton of the engine shownin Figs. Zand 3. Fig.

8 is a view showing, in side elevation, the

4o two separable partsof such piston.

a sectional View taken ou line 9 9 of Fig.` 8. Fig. 10 isa side View ofthe shoe belonging to the piston shown in Fig. 8. plan view of the same.

45 tional viewltaken on line 12 12 of Fig. 1l.

Fig. 9 is Fig. 11is` ai Fig. 12 is a cross-sec- Fig. 13 is across-sectional view taken on lineV 13 13 of Fig. 11. Fig. 14 is aviewin side elevation of still another form of piston. Fig.

l 15 is a sectional view taken on line 15 15 of 5o Fig. 14. Fig. 16 isasectional View taken on line 16 of Fig. 14. Fig. 17 is a detailsectional view showing one of the lateral extensions ofthe valve-casingsto receive the Asliding piston. Fig. 18 is a crossesection of the same,taken on line 18 18 of Fig. 17. Fig. 19 55 is a view, with parts insection, of two motors acting on a common rotative shaft, said `motorshaving stationary casings and being i connected so as to operate as acompound engine." Fig.`20 is a view showing one of the 6o motors of Fig.19 in side elevation and the parts in section, taken on line 2O 2O ofsaid Fig. 19. Fig. 21 is a sectional view taken on line 21 21 of Fig.19. Fig. 22 is a detail section taken on line 22 22 of Fig. 19. 65 Asshown in said drawings, Figs. 1 to 7, A indicates the exterior casing ofthe engine, which is rotative and mounted upon stationary spindles B,which may be sustained in a i horizontal position by anysuitably-arranged `7o support or supports, but which, as herein shown,ismounted at its ends on standards C C, attached to a floor or suitablebase or support. The casing A is shown as having attached thereto,concentric therewith, a belt-pulley D, through which motion may betransmitted from the motor by a suitable belt. Said casing A is shown asconsisting of a hollow cylinder A', with which the belt-pulley D isherein shown as cast integral, and two `fiat 8o heads A2 A3, which areprovided with concentric cylindric fiangesaa, which extend outwardlyfrom the heads and form bearingboxes which engage the spindle B near theends ofthe same. The engine shown is provided with roller-bearingsbetween the annular flanges ct ct' and the parts of the spindle engagedby the same. Said roller-bearings consist of inner and outer cylindricsleeves a2 a3, rollers a4 a4, and rings a5 a, located at 9o `the ends ofthe rollers for holding the sarne from shifting endwise. The annulariianges act are also shown as provided at their outer ends with attachedrings a ai, which project inwardly over the outer ends of theantifriction-rollers and into contact, or nearly so,with the adjacentbearing-surface of the spindle B.

`The spindle B is provided in its part between the cylinder-heads A2 A3with an eccentric cylinder or drum E, which is rigidly attached to 410oand preferably made integralwith the end portions of the spindle ateither side thereof.

age of steam at these points.

Said eccentric cylinder E is made of such size and so located that itspart of greatest eccentricity, or portion of its surface at the greatestdistance from the central axis ot' the spindle of which it forms a part,comes in contact with or bears against the inner cylindric surface ofthe casing A. At its ends the said eccentric cylinder is provided withtwo outwardly extending rigidly attached disks or iianges E E', whichare concentric with respect to the spindle B and tit at their marginsagainst the inner cylindric surface of the exterior casing A, the twodisks or lianges thus formed constituting, in effect, the side Walls ofthe interior space or chamber of the motor. To aiord a tight jointbetween the margins ot' the said disks E E' and the surrounding casing,said casing is shown as provided with two packing-rings F F, which areclamped or held in place by being inserted between the ends of thecylinder A and the marginal parts of the cylinder-heads A2 AS. In theparticular construction illustrated the ends of the cylinder A aregrooved or rabbeted to receive the outer margins of the packing-rings,which latter project inwardlyl from the innersurface of said cylinder,so as to overlap the margins of the disks E E and bear against the outerfaces thereof. This construction leaves a slight space between the saiddisks E and the adjacent inner faces of the heads A2 A8.

The casing A is provided with two oppositely-arranged radially-movablei'lat pistons G G of rectangular form, located in a plane passingthrough the axis of rotation of the casing and of proper width to fitclosely betweenl the disks E E', which form the side Walls of theinterior space or chamber of the casing. Said pistons slide at theirouter ends in guide-recesses formed in radial extensions on the casingA, said extensions consisting, as herein shown, of integral projectingparts A4, Fig. 3, on the cylinder A, and hollow U- shaped castings A5,Figs. 17 and 18, attached to said extensions A4 A4 and provided with'lat side covers or heads A6 A, which form the end walls of saidguide-recesses for the sliding pistons. Packing-strips a are shown aslocated in grooves formed in the inner ends of the castings A5, so as tobear against the side faces of the piston and prevent leak- The saidsliding pistons G bear constantly at their inner ends against theexteriorly-cylindric surface of the cylinder E and are held in contactwith said cylinder by means of suitably-applied springs, herein shown ashaving the form of coiled springs H, which are located in saidguide-recesses and which bear against the outer ends of said pistons.Said springs are shown as placed around guide-pins H', which are securedat their outer ends in the castings A5 and slide at their inner ends ainguide-passages g, formed in the said pistons G. In order to insure themaintenance of a steam-tight joint between the sliding pistons G and theeccentric cylinder E, said sliding pistons are provided with shoes I,which have oscillatory connection with the inner edges of the pistons insuch manner that said shoes may turn or swing slightly to maintain theproper angular relation between the same and the eccentric as thepistons move or turn around the eccentric with the shoes in contacttherewith. The cylinder A is shown as provided with recesses a9 at theinner ends of the guide-openings for the pistons to receive the shoes Iwhen the pistons are at their extreme outward position.

The pivotal connection between the shoe I and the body of the slidingpistons G is shown as formed by means of a longitudinal cylindric headg', Fig. 6, on the inner edge of the piston, engaged by thecorrespondinglyshaped longitudinally-shaped recesses rin the said shoeI.

In order to insure a tight joint between the eccentric cylinder E andthe inner surface of the surrounding cylinder A and to compensate forwear on the inner surface of the said cylinder, the said eccentriccylinder is shown as provided with a movable packing-strip J, whichslides radially in a suitable longitudinal recess in the cylinder andwhich is forced outwardly against the inner surface of the cylinder A bymeans of suitablyapplied springs j.

The cylinder E is provided with inlet and outlet ports e e', which openthrough the surface of the cylinder at either side of the line ofcontactbetween the same and the surrounding cylinder A. kSaid ports e ecommunicate with longitudinal passages e2 c3, which extend through thebody of the cylinder E and the spindle B to points outside of thebearingfiange a on the rotating casing, where said passages turnoutwardly and are connected with radial openings e4 e5 in the spindle.

K is a casing secured rigidly to the spindle B, around the part thereofin which the openings e4 e5 are located. Said casing is provided with acylindric seat for a valve L and with lateral passages 7c 7c, leadingfrom ports in the valve-seat of the valve L to the openings e4 e5 at thesides of the spindle B. Said casing K is also provided with acentrally-arranged exhaust-passage 7a2, leading from a port in the seatof said Valve L and connected with an exhaust-pipe M. The casing K isalso provided with an inlet-passage 7c3, with which is connected asteam-supply pipe K. The valve L is so arranged that by rotation on itsaxis either of the passages K K2 may be brought into connection witheither the inlet-port 7c3 or the exhaust-passage 7a2, so that the valveconstitutes a reversing means by which the motor may be driven in eitherdirection. The valve L is shown as provided with a hand-leverL',by whichit may be turned for reversing the engine.

In the operation of a motor constructed as above described the steam,compressed air, or gas enters the casing through one of the IOO ports@or 'cel and is exhausted through the other of said ports. Assuming theports to bein the position shown in Fig. `3, the pressure produced inthe casing at one side of the plane of the two pistons G G, acting onthe piston which is in an advanced position, (the upper piston inthe`draw`ing,) serves to turn I or rotate the casing, the exhaustpassing from the space at one side of the plane of the sliding piston atthe time that the space at the other side of such plane is subjected topressure. When by the turning of the casing j each of the pistons passesthe inletport,ipres sure will begin to act upon the same, so that saidpistons come into action alternately and the exhaust takes place fromthe spaces at the opposite sides of the plane of the pistonsuccessively, it being obvious that the spaces or chambers at oppositesides of said plane will become alternately pressure and exhaust spacesi as the casing continues `to revolve.

To maintain always astearn-tight joint be-V tween the side edges of thepistons G and the sides ofthe guide-passages and the disks E,

aconstruction is provided which is shown in` detail in Figs. 8 to 13,the same being as follows: The said piston G is divided longitudinallyinto two sidesor halves G' G2, which are connected at their meetingedges by means of a slidingV and steam -tight connection, consisting ofa tongue g on one part and a groove g2in the other part to receive saidtongue.

` Coiled springs g2 are inserted in recesses in of the piston. i thepiston G is also made longitudinally ex the part G2, so as to act uponthe inner end of the tongue g to throw or separate the two parts of thepiston, and thus hold their outer edges pressed against the inner facesof the disks E' E.

pansible, so that its ends may be held in con tact with the disks E E inthe same manner as the body of the piston. The construction for thispurpose is shown in Figs. 10, 11, 12, and 13. `As clearly shown in theseIigures,

said shoe I is made in two parts I 12.` The part I' is provided betweenthe longitudinal groove and its contact-face with a projection t', whichentersa corresponding slot or recess t", formed in the part 12. Thetongue t' is preferably made tapered transversely, with its wider endadjacent to the recessof the shoe and its narrower edge adjacent to thebearing-face of the shoe, as clearly shown -in Figs l2 and 13. Spiralsprings't'3 are placed in recesses in the part I2 and bear against thepart 1', said springstending to throw the said t parts away fromeachother, and thus hold their endsin` contact with the disksE E'. i

within thecasing.

In Figs. 14, 15, and 16 I have shown a semewhat-dierent constructionin..A the `piston G. In this case the piston consists of` one main pieceor plate and two lateral bars G2 G2., having tongue-and-groovedconnection with the body of the plate in the same manner as beforedescribed in. connection with the two-part construction illustrated inFigs. 8 and 9. In this instance, however, each of t-he bars G3 isprovided at either side of the tongue g7 thereon with two lugs g8 g8,arranged parallel with the tongue and separated therefrom, saidtonguesengaging shallow recesses Q9 g9 in the side faces of the body of thepiston, said lugs holding the bars G3 from endwise movement with respectto the body of the piston. i f

In Figs. 19, 20, 21 and 22 I have shown a construction in which theexterior casing of the motor is stationary and in which is provided aeut-off valve, whereby the steam may be used expansively in a singleengine, and also a construction whereby `two motors, made ashereinbefore described, may be connected to form a compound engine. Inthis instance N N' indicate two motors, the casings of which arestationary, but are in their main features like those hereinbeforedescribed in Figs. 1 to 5 and which are connected with and operate asingle shaft N2. The two motors N and N being alike, one of them willnow be described, the same being shown in section in Figs. 21 and 22.Said motor embraces a casing O anda spindle?,

which is attached to and turns with the shaft),

N2, which connects the spindle of the two motors with each other. Thespindle P turns in the casing and is provided with an eccentric cylinderQ, which cylinder corresponds in all respects with the cylinder E,herein- `before described. Said casing O embraces aeylinder O and headsO2 O2. The head O2 is in this instance provided with two annularpassageso 0, arranged side by side and located between the cylinder Q and theannular bearing-flange O2 on said head, whichaffords bearing for theouter end ofthe spindle P. The cylinder Q is provided with two ports,which are connected by longitudinal passages q2 q2 with inlet andoutletports g4 Q5, which latter ports are arranged out of circumferential linewith each other and in such positions that one coincides with theannular passages o and the other with the annular passages o; R R aresteam supply and exhaust passages, which are attached to the head O2 andcommunicate one with the annular passage 0 and the other with theannular passage 0'. The construction described, embracing the head O2,provided with the passages o o', obviously affords a means `of providing`separate supply andA exhaust con'- `nections with the ports of theeccentric cylinder, notwithstanding the fact that the said cylinderand`itsconnected spindle revolve A motor thus constructed obviously operatesin the-same manner as IOO IIO

that hereinbefore described, the fact that the casing is non-rotativeand that the spindle and eccentric cylinder rotate making no differencein the action of the operative parts.

Now referring to the cut-off valve, whereby steam is admittedintermittingly instead of continuously to the engine-casing, so that itmay operate expansively, the motor N, Figs. I9 and 20, is provided witha reversingvalve embracing a valve-casing R2 and a rotativevalve-closure r, said reversing-valve operating substantially in thesame manner as the reversing-valve shown in Fig. 4t. The valve-casing R2is provided with an inletpassage r and an outletpassage r2.- Between thesteam-supply pipe S and the inletpassage r of the reversing-valve islocated a cut-off valve (indicated as a whole by T) and embracingacylindric valve-casing T', herein shown as made integral with thevalve-casing R2 of the reversing-valve and containing a cylindricvalve-seat which is in open communication with the said inlet-passager'. In said valve-seat is located a hollow pistonvalve U, which slidesendwise therein and is operated through the medium of an eccentric U andeccentric-straps U2 from the shaft N2 of the engine. The hollowpiston-valve U is open at its inner end and closed at its outer end andprovided with a lateral port u, which is located at a distance from theopen end of the piston-valve somewhat greater than the diameter of theport s, through which the steam is admitted to the valve casing T. Theseparts are so arranged that when the eccentric is at onelimit of itsstroke the valve will be moved outwardly in the easing so as to bringits inner end outside of the valveports, thereby permitting steam topass inwardly to the cylinder and casing, and when the eccentric-is atthe outer limit of its stroke the port u will come opposite the port s,and thereby admit steam through the hollow valve to the casing. Themovement of the said valve will be so adj usted with respect to therotation of the eccentric cylinder E that steam will be admitted twiceat each revolution of the eccentric and just after the admissionport e epasses one of the two pistons G G, the effect being that steam will beadmitted at the desired length of time after the admission-port haspassed the piston, but will be cut off before the eccentric hascompleted a half-rotation, thereby permitting the steam to actexpansively during the latter part of each half-rotation, during whichthe steam is acting upon one of the two pistons.

Now referring to the construction whereby the two motors N N are adaptedto act as a compound engine, features are shown in said Figs. 19, 20,and 2l, as follows: The motor N is provided with a reversing-valveV,made

like the valve R2 and embracing a casing V and a rotating valve-closureQJ. Supply and exhaust pipes R R lead from the valve-casing V to theengine-casing in the same manner as before described in connection withthe motor N. The outlet-port r2 of the casing R2 belonging to the motorNis connected with the inlet-passage v2 of the corresponding casingbelonging to the motor N by means of a pipe W. To provide forsimultaneous actuation'of the two reversing-valves R and V, thevalve-closures r and U are connected `to a common actuating-shaft X,which is provided with a hand-lever X', through which it may be turnedor rotated.

Manifestly in the operation of the two motors N N the exhaust from thefirst motor N passes to the supply-port of the second motor N and isused expansively in the second motor in the same manner as in compoundsteam engines of the reciprocating piston type.

I claim as my invention- 1. In a rotary motor, an axle or shaft havingtwo concentrically-disposed flanges thereon, a drum eccentrically fixedbetween said flanges, a cylinder inclosing the space around the drumbetween the flanges and having bearing on the shaft or axle outside ofthe flanges, and movable plates held against the surface of the drum andfitting closely between said flanges.

2. In a rotary motor, an axle or shaft having twoconcentrically-disposed flanges thereon, a drum eccentrically xedbetween said flanges, a cylinder inclosing the space around the drumbetween the flanges and having bearing on the shaft or axle outside ofthe flanges, and movable plates held against the surface of the drum andfitting closely between said flanges, said shaft and drum being providedwith inlet and outlet passages and communicating with the chambers inthe casing formed between said plates.

3. In a rotary motor, an axle or shaft having twoconcentrically-disposed flanges thereon, a drum eccentrically fixedbetween said flanges, a cylinder inclosingthe space around the drumbetween the flanges and having bearing on the shaft or axle outside ofthe flanges, and movable plates held against the surface of the drum andfitting closely between said flanges, said shaft and drum being providedwith inlet and outlet passages and communicating with the chambers inthe casing formed between said plates, and a steam-chest on said shaftoutside said casing and a valve in said chest for controlling thepassage of the motive agent through said inlet and outlet passages.

et. In a rotary engine, an eccentrically-disposed fixed drum,concentricallydisposed flanges at opposite ends of said drum, a cylinderor casing inclosing the space around the drum and between the flangesand movable pistons held against the surface of the drum by yieldingpressure and closely fitting between the flanges.

5. In a rotary engine, a fixed axle or shaft having twoconcentrically-disposed flanges thereon, a drum eccentrically fixedbetween said flanges, a cylinder or casing inclosing IOC) IIO

i having two concentrically-disposed flanges thereon; aneccentrically-disposed drum fixed between said flanges; a cylinder orcasingl comprising an annular part closing the space around the drumbetween the flanges and side plates secured to the annular part andengaging outside of the flanges on the axle; and movable pistonsheldagainst the surface of the drum by yielding pressure and fitting closelybetween the flanges,

7. In a rotary engine, a fixed axle or shaft having twoconcentrically-disposed flanges thereon an eccentrically-disposeddrum,fixed between said flanges; a cylinder or casing comprising anannular part closing the space around the drum between the flanges andside plates secured to the annular part and engaging outside of theflanges on the axle; antifriction-bearings interposed between the inneredges of the side plates and the axle or shaft; and movable pistons heldagainst the surface of the'drum by yielding pressure and fitting closelybetween the flanges.

` 8. In a rotary engine, a fixed axle or shaft having twoconcentrically-disposed flanges thereon; an eccentrically-disposed drumbetween said flanges; a cylinder or casing comprising an annular partclosing the space around the drum between the flanges and having slotsor openings therethrough; hollar part over said slots, and side platesse cured to the annular part and engaging outside of the flanges on theaxle; and pistons radially movable in the slots and hollow caps.

9. In a rotary engine, an eccentrically-dsposed drum; a cylinderinclosing achalnber about the drum and having a hollow extensionthereon, a piston movable in said extension and consisting ot' two ormore parts, means for pressing the parts apart in opposite directionsagainst the end wall of the chamber, and coiled springs seated inopenings in the outer end of the parts of the piston for forcing theinner edge thereof against the drum with yielding pressure.

l0. A rotary motor comprising an exterior casing having a cylindricinterior surface, an eccentric cylinder therein, said cylinder andcasing having rotative movement one with respect to the other,radially-sliding plates mounted in the casing and engaging the surfaceof the eccentric cylinder, and supply and exhaust passages leadingthrough said eccentric cylinder and opening into the interior of thecasing, said plates having oscillatory shoes, and both the plates andshoes being laterally expansible.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix mysignature, in presence of two witnesses, this lst day of March, A. D.

BASIL V. SZAB.

Witnesses:

C. CLARENCE POOLE, WILLIAM L. HALL.

